Guidance

Classifying ceramics for import and export

Get help to classify ceramic articles for import and export.

This guidance refers to chapters and headings in the . If you바카라 사이트™re importing goods into Northern Ireland, or if this guidance does not include your item, read the last section 바카라 사이트˜More information바카라 사이트™.

UK Integrated Online Tariff relevant chapters

Chapter 68 covers articles made of stone and other mineral materials. These include certain types of unfired ceramics and items such as natural stone tiles.

Resin-bound artificial stone is classified in chapter 68 as an artificial stone, if materials other than resin give the essential character. If resin gives the essential character, it바카라 사이트™s classified as a plastic article in chapter 39.

Ceramic articles are obtained by firing inorganic, non-metallic materials which have been prepared and shaped previously, usually at room temperature. Raw materials include:

  • inter alia
  • clays
  • siliceous materials including fused silica
  • materials with a high melting point, such as oxides, carbides, nitrides, graphite or other carbon, and in some cases binders such as refractory clays or phosphates

Chapter 69 covers ceramic articles that have been fired after shaping, including:

  • house-wares, such as plates and bowls
  • ornaments, such as figurines
  • tiles
  • building bricks
  • roof tiles
  • drainage pipes

Articles are not considered to be fired if they바카라 사이트™re heated to temperatures less than 800 °C for purposes such as the following:

  • curing of resins
  • accelerating hydration reactions
  • removal of water or other volatile components

Such articles are excluded from .

Identifying fired ceramics.

To classify a fired ceramic item, it바카라 사이트™s necessary to identify the material it바카라 사이트™s made of. Fired ceramic articles can be made of various materials, including:

  • common pottery
  • earthenware
  • stoneware
  • fine pottery
  • porcelain (or china)

Common pottery

Common pottery is porous and has large, clearly visible impurities in it. These impurities could include, for example, sand and other aggregates or even straw. Common pottery articles usually have a natural colour such as yellow, red, grey or beige 바카라 사이트” they바카라 사이트™re rarely white.

It바카라 사이트™s easy to scratch or score common pottery articles because they바카라 사이트™re quite soft compared with other types of ceramic. Bowl-shaped articles give a dull sound when they바카라 사이트™re tapped.

Common pottery is typically used to make things such as:

  • garden pots
  • drainage pipes
  • bricks

Earthenware items are usually glazed. Earthenware is porous and has impurities, but they바카라 사이트™re small and invisible to the naked eye. Unglazed areas are easy to scratch 바카라 사이트” they give off a powder (바카라 사이트˜dandruff바카라 사이트™) when they바카라 사이트™re scored.

Earthenware articles usually have a natural colour like grey, red, brown, yellow, cream or off-white. Sometimes the clay is dyed before it바카라 사이트™s shaped. Bowl-shaped articles give a dull sound when they바카라 사이트™re tapped.

Earthenware is often used to make things such as:

  • tableware and kitchenware
  • household articles
  • sanitary articles
  • tiles and paving
  • ornaments

Typical trade names for earthenware articles include:

  • Terracotta
  • Creamware
  • Cistercian
  • Dolomite (not resin bound)
  • Faience
  • Majolica
  • Moilica
  • Mochaware
  • Slipware
  • Delftware
  • Gallyware
  • Galleryware
  • Queensware
  • Agateware

Terracotta

Identifying terracotta 바카라 사이트” 바카라 사이트˜baked earth바카라 사이트™ in Italian 바카라 사이트” can be confusing. It is a common mistake to think that any red or red-brown pottery must be terracotta, but it may not be. Most clays, including stoneware and porcelain, can be dyed or pigmented to give a terracotta colour, but they will not have the other characteristics of true terracotta.

True terracotta 바카라 사이트” including branded Terracotta 바카라 사이트” can usually be identified as earthenware as it has the same characteristics. You may need a laboratory test to be absolutely sure. You can usually identify it correctly by looking closely at it, scratching it and tapping it.

Stoneware

Stoneware is not porous (except under laboratory testing). Often it is not glazed, although articles like kitchenware and tableware usually do have a glaze. It is difficult to scratch and common colours include off-white, grey or blue-grey, and beige. Sometimes the clay바카라 사이트™s dyed before it바카라 사이트™s shaped.

Bowl-shaped stoneware articles give a clear sound when they바카라 사이트™re tapped. Stoneware is commonly used to make the same sorts of things as earthenware.

Typical trade names for stoneware articles include:

  • Basalt Ware
  • Cane Ware
  • Crouch Ware
  • Etrusian Ware
  • Jasper Ware
  • Oven Ware
  • Salt-glazed Ware
  • Yellow Ware

Dolomite

Dolomite is a natural mineral. It is often calcined 바카라 사이트” fired and mixed with materials such as steatite to make things like firebricks for kilns. Sometimes it바카라 사이트™s mixed with clay and fired to make household articles. These are similar to earthenware.

Dolomite and other stone can also be crushed and mixed with resins before being made into articles like house-wares and ornaments. Household items made of dolomite are almost always mixed with a material like clay or resin.

Porcelain or china

Porcelain or china includes bone china. It is non-porous and usually difficult to scratch.

Porcelain articles are usually white and shiny. Sometimes the clay is dyed before it바카라 사이트™s shaped. Porcelain is normally translucent when it바카라 사이트™s held up to a light.

Typical trade names for porcelain articles include:

  • Bone China
  • Jet Enamelled Ware
  • Parian Ware
  • Pythagoras Ware
  • Rockingham Ware

Porcelain look-alikes

Sometimes, pottery is made up to look like porcelain. 바카라 사이트˜imitation porcelain바카라 사이트™ and 바카라 사이트˜semi-porcelain바카라 사이트™ items are glazed and decorated to resemble porcelain, but they바카라 사이트™re quite different in other ways. For example, beneath their shiny white glaze they바카라 사이트™re rough grained, dull and porous, and can easily be scratched with a steel knife (although some soft china can also be scratched like this). Articles like this are not classified as porcelain or china.

Glazing preparations

Fired ceramics can be glazed or unglazed. The glazing process includes finishing fired ceramics using preparations such as enamels or special glazes. These preparations are classified in heading 3207.

Tiles and building products

Tiles and building products are classified in chapters 68 and 69. Individual products are classified according to the materials they바카라 사이트™re made of and if they바카라 사이트™ve been fired or glazed.

Ceramic tiles are generally classified in heading 6907. They include:

  • flags
  • paving, hearth and wall tiles
  • mosaic cubes and similar products (on a backing or not)

However, there are some ceramic tiles that are not classified in heading 6907, for example:

  • refractory tiles 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6902
  • support or filler tiles 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6904
  • roofing tiles 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6905
  • tiles that have been adapted for a specific purpose, such as table mats 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6911 or 6912
  • ornamental tiles 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6913
  • tiles that have been specially adapted for stoves 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6914
  • tiles for laboratory, chemical and other technical uses 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6909

Building products made of ceramics are classified in headings 6901 to 6906.

Building products made of stone and other natural minerals are classified in Chapter 68. Materials that may be used include:

  • monumental and building stone 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6802
  • agglomerated vegetable fibre, plaster, straw, shavings or similar materials 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6808
  • cement, concrete or artificial stone 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6810
  • asbestos-cement, cellulose fibre-cement or similar materials 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6811

Ceramic bathroom fixtures are usually classified in heading 6910.

Ceramic tableware, kitchenware and other household articles

Articles made of porcelain or china are classified in heading 6911. If they바카라 사이트™re made of other materials, they바카라 사이트™re classified in heading 6912.

These articles include:

  • tea or coffee services
  • teapots or coffee-pots
  • plates
  • salad bowls
  • dishes and trays
  • mustard pots
  • table mats
  • stew pans
  • casseroles
  • baking or roasting dishes
  • preserving jars
  • bread bins
  • graduated kitchen capacity measures
  • ash trays
  • hot water bottles

Hand-held salt grinding mills made of plastic containers and ceramic grinding-plates, are classified in subheading 6912 00 89. The grinding plate gives the product its essential character.

Ceramic toilet articles

Toilet articles made of porcelain or china (whether for domestic or non-domestic use) are classified in heading 6911. If they바카라 사이트™re made of any other ceramic, they바카라 사이트™re classified in heading 6912.

These articles include:

  • toilet sets, such as ewers and bowls
  • sanitary pails
  • urinals
  • eye baths
  • soap dishes
  • towel rails and hooks
  • toothbrush holders
  • toilet roll holders

Ornamental ceramics

A ceramic article is classified as 바카라 사이트˜ornamental바카라 사이트™ if its usefulness is clearly less important than its decorative characteristics. For example, plates that are moulded in relief or teapots that have hollow handles are considered to be ornamental products and are classified in heading 6913. Ornamental articles can also be made of unfired materials such as crushed stone mixed with resin. These are classified in heading 3926 when the resin gives the articles their essential character. Ornamental products have no practical use. They include:

  • statues, statuettes, busts, haut or bas reliefs, and other figures for interior or exterior decoration
  • wall ornaments such as tiles, plates, trays and plaques that have fittings for hanging
  • fire screens

Ceramic cornices, friezes and similar architectural ornaments are not classified in heading 6913, even though they may have ornamental characteristics. They바카라 사이트™re classified in heading 6905.

Ceramic articles classified in heading 6914

Ceramic articles not classified elsewhere in Chapter 69 or in other chapters, are classified in heading 6914. They include:

  • stoves and other heating appliances that are mostly made of ceramics
  • non-refractory firebrick cheeks
  • ceramic parts of stoves or fireplaces
  • ceramic linings for wood burning stoves
  • non-decorative flower pots (for horticulture) that are totally plain with no glazing or decoration
  • fittings for doors and windows, such as handles, knobs and finger plates
  • parts for shop signs, such as letters, numbers, sign-plates and similar motifs (if they바카라 사이트™re for illuminated signs they바카라 사이트™re classified in heading 9405)
  • spring lever stoppers that are mostly made of ceramics
  • general purpose jars and containers for laboratories
  • display jars for pharmacies
  • various other accessories, such as knife handles and birdcage accessories

Ceramic millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels and similar articles are classified in heading 6804.

Collector바카라 사이트™s items of historical interest

To be considered as a collector바카라 사이트™s item of historical interest and classified in heading 9705, ceramics must:

  • have a certain rarity value
  • not normally be used for their original purpose
  • have a special buying and selling transaction, significantly different from normal trade of similar utility articles
  • have a high monetary value
  • illustrate a significant step in the evolution of human achievements, or a period of that evolution 바카라 사이트” for example, it바카라 사이트™s a new ceramic production technique, or its decoration represents a significant historical development

Goods not classified in chapters 68 and 69

Goods not classified in chapters 68 and 69 are covered by:

Items not covered within these notes, but also not classified by chapters 68 and 69 include:

  • clay in its raw state 바카라 사이트” classified in chapter 25
  • broken pottery and broken bricks 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 2530
  • plaster coated fracture bandages (put up for retail sale) 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 3005
  • perfumed pumice stone (put up in blocks, tablets or similar prepared forms) 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 3304
  • friction materials not containing mineral materials or cellulose fibre, such as those containing cork 바카라 사이트” classified to their constituent material
  • articles made essentially of plastics, even if they contain asbestos as a filler 바카라 사이트” classified in chapter 39
  • expanded vermiculite 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 6806
  • fabrics, webs and similar articles of glass fibre (simply coated or impregnated with bitumen or asphalt) 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 7019
  • jewellery, imitation jewellery and other ornamental items that have a significant amount of precious metal in them, or are made of metal plated with precious metal 바카라 사이트” classified in chapter 71
  • coffee or spice mills with containers of ceramics and working parts of metal 바카라 사이트”classified in heading 8210
  • electrical insulators and fittings made of insulating material 바카라 사이트” classified in Chapter 85
  • electro-thermic apparatus (for activities such as cooking and heating), including heating elements (such as cooking plates and heating resistors) 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 8516
  • mica dielectric condensers (capacitors) 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 8532
  • panels (of slate, marble, asbestos-cement or other materials) drilled or otherwise, clearly for use as a part of a control panel 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 8538
  • mica insulators and other mica insulating parts of electrical apparatus 바카라 사이트” classified in headings 8546 to 8548
  • mounted brake linings for disc brakes 바카라 사이트” classified as parts of the machines or apparatus they바카라 사이트™re designed for (for example, in heading 8708 or 8714)
  • mica goggles and eyepieces for use with the goggles 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 9004
  • plaster fracture appliances 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 9021
  • mica in the form of Christmas tree decorations 바카라 사이트” classified in heading 9505

More information

If this guidance does not cover your specific item in detail and you바카라 사이트™re importing goods into Great Britain, you can search for it in the .

If you바카라 사이트™re importing goods into Northern Ireland from outside the UK and the EU, and the goods are:

  • not 바카라 사이트˜at risk바카라 사이트™ of onward movement to the EU, you should also use the UK Integrated OnlineTariff

  • at risk of onward movement to the EU, you should use the

If this guidance does cover your item, you바카라 사이트™ll still need to look up the full commodity code to use in your declaration on the appropriate tariff.

You can find more ways to help you find a commodity code by referring to the links given in this section.

Updates to this page

Published 2 August 2012
Last updated 16 March 2023 show all updates
  1. Reference to heading 6808 deleted. Ceramics descriptions updated in line with the amended text of Note 1 of Chapter 69. A useful guide to identifying different types of ceramics has been added.

  2. This guidance has been updated.

  3. Change of service contact details; as of the 1 September 2015. The Tariff Classification Helpline changed from telephone contact to email.

  4. Change of service contact details; as of the 1 September 2016. The Tariff Classification Helpline changed from telephone contact to email.

  5. Change of service contact details, as of the 1 September 2015 the tariff classification helpline is changing from telephone contact to email.

  6. First published.

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