Guidance

Pensioners바카라 사이트� Incomes data on Stat-Xplore: user guide

Updated 27 March 2025

The Pensioners바카라 사이트� Incomes (PI) Stat-Xplore Database provides information regarding the amounts and sources of the incomes of pensioners in the United Kingdom. Variables are available at a family (benefit unit) level.

Please add 바카라 사이트淪ource: Pensioners바카라 사이트� Incomes Stat-Xplore바카라 사이트� to any analysis shared or published.

1. What is Stat-Xplore?

is a free tabulation tool available at gov.uk. Users can access DWP data via databases to create their own analysis. PI data is also available via:

	바카라 사이트 Publication	UK Data Service
Access聽	Unlimited	Members only
Content	Main report, Tables, Background Information and Methodology report	Rounded variables, Ages of over 80s set to 80 (unless using safe room)

Read more about PI annual reports and accompanying tables, research and technical papers. Versions of the data set are available from the .

2. Benefits of using the PI Stat-Xplore Database

The benefits of using the PI Stat-Xplore Database are:

• that it바카라 사이트檚 free and accessible to all, with user guidance and virtual tour
• the new analysis of PI data, with a user-friendly interface and quick export of tables and graphs to Excel
• that the data is unrounded, so users can produce more accurate analysis (final estimates must be rounded as described below)
• the open data API functionality that allows users to dynamically create their own tables and data visualisations

3. What are the constraints?

The constraints of using the PI Stat-Xplore Database are:

• that confidence intervals around estimates cannot be produced in Stat-Xplore
• that the analysis based on three-year averages is not possible, so the map feature is not available
• that careful selection of row and column categories is needed, for more information see section 10

4. PI estimates rounding rules and disclosure

Once you have produced PI estimates using unrounded outputs, the:

• percentages must be rounded to the nearest one per cent
• population numbers must be rounded to the nearest 100,000
• weekly amounts must be rounded to the nearest 拢1
• annual amounts must be rounded to the nearest 拢100

This reflects that PI estimates are based on the Family Resources Survey (FRS) and are not actual records of individuals in the UK. Some breakdowns are provided as bands or grouped to further protect against disclosure.

5. PI Stat-Xplore Database: breakdowns available

Stat-Xplore allows users to create their own analysis across all PI years and the following breakdowns:

Time Characteristic:

The time characteristics are broken down into financial year, 1994-95 to the latest year.

Measures of income:

The mean, median and range are provided for:

• gross income
  • benefit income, which can be broken into State Pension income, income-related benefits income and disability benefit income
  • occupational pension income
  • personal pension income
  • investment income
  • earnings income
  • other income
• net income before housing costs (BHC)
• net income after housing costs (AHC)

Characteristics:

The characteristics are broken down into age of head of pensioner unit, sex of head of pensioner unit and family type.

In receipt flags:

The receipt flags are broken down into:

• benefit income:

  • state pension income

  • income-related benefits income

  • disability benefit income

• occupational pension income

• personal pension income

• investment income

• earnings income

Quintile of the pensioner singles income distribution:

The quintile of the pensioner singles income distribution is broken down into before housing costs (BHC) and after housing costs (AHC).

Quintile of the pensioner couples income distribution:

The quintile of the pensioner couples income distribution is broken down into before housing costs (BHC) and after housing costs (AHC).

Descriptions of these breakdowns and any data issues can be found by selecting the 바카라 사이트榠바카라 사이트� icon next to it in the database or via the front page list.

Variations of these breakdowns are also possible using the 바카라 사이트楢dd derivation바카라 사이트� feature. More information on this is in section 9.

6. PI Stat-Xplore Database: how it works

Please note the following images and examples relate to 2022-23 data as the latest year. Data for 2023-24 is now available but the following guidance remains the same.

1. Once you have , please take the tour to learn about how to use the Stat-Xplore database. The tour can be accessed by selecting the three dots in the top right-hand corner of the page. Further useful guidance can be found by selecting the 바카라 사이트�?바카라 사이트� icon, also in the top right-hand corner:

A screenshot of the Stat-Xplore homepage

2. Select the Pensioners바카라 사이트� Incomes database and take the time to read the front page for important information on rounding final figures and known issues.

A screenshot of the Pensioners바카라 사이트� Incomes database front page on Stat-Xplore

3. Select 바카라 사이트楪o to Dataset바카라 사이트� or double-click a ready-made table.

7. PI Stat-Xplore Database: ready-made tables

There are two ready-made tables that demonstrate the types of tables that can be produced using Stat-Xplore: Pensioner units with earnings income and Pensioner units in each quintile of the single pensioner net income distribution (AHC) by age. These are there to be used and can be edited to better suit the information you wish to see.

This example demonstrates the ready-made table for the age of head of pensioner unit by quintile of the AHC pensioner singles income distribution by financial year.

1. You can select which age band to view in the table by selecting from the 바카라 사이트榃afers바카라 사이트� list.

A screenshot of how to select the age band for a PI table on Stat-Xplore

2. You can export to Excel, which will produce tables for all age bands.

8. PI聽Stat-Xplore Database: user-defined analysis

When you select 바카라 사이트楪o to Dataset바카라 사이트� (as shown in section 6 of this guide), a page containing a variable list and an empty table is displayed:

A screenshot showing how to access the variable list on Stat-Xplore

Common PI analysis

The following table provides steps for producing some common PI analysis:

Analysis	Filter	Wafer	Row	Column	Numbers to Percentages
Mean income by income source by family type by financial year	Not applicable	Not applicable	Choose the 바카라 사이트榤ean바카라 사이트� box under 바카라 사이트榤easures바카라 사이트� for as many types of income as you바카라 사이트檙e interested in. Then add family types.	Financial year (tick the boxes for the years you바카라 사이트檙e interested in)	Not applicable
Percentage of pensioner units with earnings income by age	Not applicable	Age of head of pensioner unit	In receipt of earnings income	Financial year (tick the boxes for the years you바카라 사이트檙e interested in)	Select Table options then Percentages then Column
Percentage of pensioners in each quintile of the AHC pensioner singles income distribution by sex	Select Family type then single pensioner	Sex of head of pensioner unit	Quintile of the AHC pensioner singles income distribution (choose all except not applicable)	Financial year (tick the boxes for the years you바카라 사이트檙e interested in)	Select Table options then Percentages then Column
The occupational pension income distribution for those in receipt	Not applicable	Not applicable	Under 바카라 사이트榦ccupational pension income바카라 사이트� select 바카라 사이트楻ange바카라 사이트� and create your desired range (for example from 0 to 500, increment 20). Select this range, choosing all boxes except 바카라 사이트�0 or less바카라 사이트�.	Financial year (tick the boxes for the years you바카라 사이트檙e interested in)	Select Table options then Percentages then Column

Adding derivations

You can use the 바카라 사이트楢dd Derivation바카라 사이트� feature which allows you to create your own variation of a category. Here we add a simple derivation to compare half the median income (AHC) of pensioner couples to the median income for pensioner singles.

1. The median income (AHC) of pensioner couples and pensioner singles is added as a row. Note that it is necessary to choose the measure(s) first, select 바카라 사이트楻ow바카라 사이트�, and then do the same for the family types. Next, 바카라 사이트楢dd Derivation바카라 사이트� can be used by selecting the three dots next to the label for Family type:

A screenshot showing how to add a derivation to Stat-Xplore

2. Create a name for the derivation and add the formula (in this case, V1*0.5). Select 바카라 사이트楢dvanced바카라 사이트� and choose where you want the new row to display. Then press the 바카라 사이트楥reate바카라 사이트� button.

A screenshot showing how to modify the details of the derivation on Stat-Xplore

3. Select 바카라 사이트楻etrieve Data바카라 사이트� and the numbers, including your new derivation, will appear.

A screenshot showing how to retrieve the data for your derivation on Stat-Xplore

9. PI Stat-Xplore Database: top tips

Stat-Xplore vs Published Tables

When deciding whether to use Stat-Xplore or Published Tables, you need to:

• check whether the breakdown you require is currently available in the published tables and use the published tables where possible

• know that not all breakdowns are available, more information on this is in 바카라 사이트楨xclusions바카라 사이트� in the next section

Build a table in the following order:

1. Filter
2. Wafer
3. Column
4. Row

Select 바카라 사이트楩amily Type바카라 사이트� or another classification variable as a wafer to produce the same cross-tabulations for each type.

Convert from percentages

To convert from percentages to population numbers, choose 바카라 사이트楾able Options바카라 사이트� then 바카라 사이트楶ercentages바카라 사이트� and select 바카라 사이트楴one바카라 사이트�.

Convert a table into a graph

Once the table has been created, select the Graph view at the top of the page. You may need to change the 바카라 사이트楪raph by바카라 사이트� to 바카라 사이트楥olumn바카라 사이트�

A screenshot of how to convert a table into a graph in Stat-Xplore

Removing totals

For some tables, the 바카라 사이트楾otal바카라 사이트� column does not add useful information. In these cases, select the three dots next to the variable label and untick 바카라 사이트楾otal바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot showing how to remove the total column in Stat-Xplore

Unless you are averaging across multiple years, this should be done for 바카라 사이트楩inancial year바카라 사이트� for all tables. There may also be other tables you create where the 바카라 사이트楾otal바카라 사이트� column or row is not relevant.

Stat Xplore Default Options

There are a number of default functions on Stat Xplore platform. Not all are relevant to the PI database, including the RSE function. RSE stands for Relative Standard Error. The PI database is weighted to provide the correct figures. The weighted plugin also adds RSE figures. This has been set to zero so users can ignore.

10. PI Stat-Xplore Database: exclusions, important footnotes and user feedback

Current Database exclusions (available in published PI tables)

The following breakdowns are not included in this version, due to either small sample sizes or complexities involved with displaying them in Stat-Xplore. They are:

• survey sample sizes
• the percentage of pensioner units with more than 50% of gross income from private sources
• income from annual payments such as Winter Fuel Payments and free TV licences
• the position of pensioners in the overall UK income distribution (including non-pensioners)
• both members over State Pension age (SPa) vs one over SPa and one under SPa
• average incomes of single retired benefit units under SPa
• average incomes of pensioner units where at least one member is aged over 65
• married vs cohabiting couples

Three-year average estimates are not available in Stat-Xplore. As single-year PI estimates for the breakdowns are considered too volatile, estimates based on country, region or ethnicity must be calculated using three-year averages. Output at least three financial years and calculate a three-year average as follows: (yr1 estimate + yr2 estimate + yr3 estimate)/3.

Important footnotes

These important footnotes are displayed on tables, which users must comply with (while displaying footnotes on percentages tables is not possible, they still apply):

A screenshot of the PI Stat-Xplore footnotes

11a. Worked example: average incomes of pensioners by income source, family type and age

1. Start with an empty table (select 바카라 사이트楥lear Table바카라 사이트� if necessary). Tick the boxes for 바카라 사이트楶ensioner couple바카라 사이트� and 바카라 사이트楽ingle pensioner바카라 사이트� and then select 바카라 사이트楢dd to: Wafer바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to add wafers on Stat-Xplore

2. Select the financial years you are interested in. For this example, we choose all years, so select the arrow next to Financial year, then on 바카라 사이트楩inancial year바카라 사이트� in the dropdown menu, then 바카라 사이트楢dd to: Column바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to select the financial years of interest for your table on Stat-Xplore

3. Choose the measures you are interested in. Here, we select the means of each different source of income, as well as the medians of net income BHC and AHC. This is to replicate Table 2.1 of the Pensioners바카라 사이트� Incomes series publication tables). Then select 바카라 사이트楢dd to: Row바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to select the measures you want on Stat-Xplore

4. Finally, select 바카라 사이트楻etrieve data바카라 사이트� and the table will be shown. You can also view information about the measures or classification variables such as family type by selecting the 바카라 사이트榠바카라 사이트� buttons.

5. You can switch between pensioner couples, singles and all pensioners using the 바카라 사이트榃afers바카라 사이트� dropdown menu.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to switch between wafers in Stat-Xplore variables

6. You can add additional breakdowns to the table, for example by selecting 바카라 사이트楿nder 75바카라 사이트� and 바카라 사이트極ver 75바카라 사이트� and selecting 바카라 사이트楢dd to: Row바카라 사이트�. This produces the data in Table 2.6 of the Pensioners바카라 사이트� Incomes publication tables.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to add additional breakdowns to your table in Stat-Xplore

7. To download the data into Excel, select 바카라 사이트楧ownload Table바카라 사이트� in the top-right corner of the page:

8. Producing a graph: For clarity of presentation, the measures except for 바카라 사이트楳edian net income after housing costs바카라 사이트� have been removed by selecting all other measures and selecting 바카라 사이트楻emove바카라 사이트�. Select 바카라 사이트楪raph view바카라 사이트� at the top of the page and change the 바카라 사이트楪raph by:바카라 사이트� from 바카라 사이트楻ow바카라 사이트� to 바카라 사이트楥olumn바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to remove measures from the Stat-Xplore data output

A screenshot of a worked example of how to Graph by column instead of row in Stat-Xplore

9. You can export the graph in the same way as for the table 바카라 사이트� by selecting the 바카라 사이트楧ownload Graph바카라 사이트� button in the top-right corner of the page.

11b. Worked example: Number of single pensioners with a gross income above a specified threshold using ranges

1. Start by logging into your Stat-Xplore account then choose the 바카라 사이트楶ensioners바카라 사이트� Incomes바카라 사이트� dataset and select 바카라 사이트楪o to Dataset바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to select 바카라 사이트楶ensioners바카라 사이트� Incomes바카라 사이트� dataset

2. Ensure you have an empty table (select 바카라 사이트楥lear Table바카라 사이트� if necessary). Expand 바카라 사이트楩amily Type바카라 사이트� in the left-hand column, tick 바카라 사이트楽ingle Pensioner바카라 사이트� and select 바카라 사이트楢dd to: Filter바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to add a filter on Stat-Xplore

3. Select the financial years you are interested in. For this example, we will choose the last 5 years, so tick the years on interest, then 바카라 사이트楢dd to: Column바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to select the financial years of interest for your table on Stat-Xplore

4. Choose the measures you are interested in. Here, we are interested in different thresholds of gross income. Expand the 바카라 사이트楳easures바카라 사이트�, click the blue 바카라 사이트楻ange바카라 사이트� button under 바카라 사이트楪ross income바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to add income ranges to incomes on Stat-Xplore

5. Input the range of weekly gross income in the 바카라 사이트楩rom바카라 사이트� and 바카라 사이트楾o바카라 사이트� sections, then add the increment. Give the range a name and click 바카라 사이트楴ext바카라 사이트� and then 바카라 사이트楥reate바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how create ranges on Stat-Xplore

6. Expand the 바카라 사이트楻anges바카라 사이트� folder in the left-hand column, then expand the range you just created. Tick the bands required in the table, then select 바카라 사이트楢dd to: Row바카라 사이트�.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to add ranges to a table on Stat-Xplore

7. Finally, select 바카라 사이트楻etrieve data바카라 사이트� and the table will be shown. This will be a table of the estimated total number of pensioner units, by financial year and weekly gross income amount. Note: You can also view information about the measures or classification variables such as family type by selecting the 바카라 사이트榠바카라 사이트� buttons.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to retrieve the data for your Stat-Xplore table and how to view additional information about the measures or classification variables

8. To download the data into Excel, select 바카라 사이트楧ownload Table바카라 사이트� in the top-right corner of the page:

9. To view the data graphically, select 바카라 사이트楪raph View바카라 사이트�. Then select the type of graph that best fits the data.

A screenshot of a worked example of how to view data graphically

12. Feedback

The PI team are actively seeking feedback from users.

Please email: pensioners-incomes@dwp.gov.uk if you have any comments on how you have found using Stat-Xplore or if there are further tabulations you would like to produce.

ISBN: 978-1-78659-660-4